3. Prefix
Prefix gives the locations of the other functional groups (other than
the principal functional group) on the stem.
o Prefix is used to denote any substituent in an organic compound.
o Placed in alphabetical order if there is more than 1 prefix.
o For multiple prefix, use di, tri, etc
| Substituent Group |
Name as Prefix |
| \(-CH_3\) |
Methyl- |
| \(-C_2H_5\) |
Ethyl- |
| \(-C_3H_7\) |
Propyl- |
| \(-C_4H_9\) |
Butyl- |
| Substituent Group |
Name as Prefix |
| \(-F\) |
Fluoro- |
| \(-Cl\) |
Chloro- |
| \(-Br\) |
Bromo- |
| \(-I\) |
Iodo- |
| Substituent Group |
Name as Prefix |
| \(-OH\) |
Hydroxy- |
| \(-NO_2\) |
Nitro- |
| \(-NH_2\) |
Amino- |
| \(-C_6H_5\) |
Phenyl- |
| \(-CN\) |
Cyano- |