Notes-(01)
Completion requirements
(d) describe sp3 hybridisation, as in ethane molecule, sp2 hybridisation, as in ethene and benzene molecules, and sp hybridisation, as in ethyne molecule
(e) explain the shapes of, and bond angles in, the ethane, ethene, benzene, and ethyne molecules in relation to σ and π carbon-carbon bonds
2. Carbon Bonding in Organic Compounds
2.2. Types of Hybridisation in Carbon
o Hybridisation refers to the mixing of atomic orbitals in an atom (usually the central atom) to generate a new set of orbitals called hybrid orbitals.
The C atom can undergo three types of hybridisation:
(a) \(sp^3\) hybridization (e.g. in methane)
(b) \(sp^2\) hybridization (e.g. in ethene and benzene)
(c) \(sp\) hybridization (e.g. in ethyne) benzene